The drones hit several Russian regions and damaged two military planes, a fuel depot and a microelectronics factory.
Meanwhile Ukrainian officials said most missiles and drones were shot down but two people were killed.
Kyiv has not said that it was involved in the latest attacks, but it rarely comments on strikes inside Russia.
In recent weeks, however, Ukraine is believed to have increased its use of explosive drones to attack targets in Russia.
This is all part of its counter-offensive strategy – making it as difficult as possible for Russia to keep its frontline troops supplied, as it pushes on with its full-scale invasion of Ukraine.
At a regional airport in Pskov, a western city that lies some 600km (372 miles) from Ukraine, two military planes were struck and burst into flames according to Russian news agencies.
The regional governor, Mikhail Vedernikov, said that he was at the scene and posted a video on Telegram showing a large fire, while an explosion could be heard.
The damaged aircraft – Ilyushin 76 – are long range cargo planes, that are ideal for transporting troops and equipment over long distances. Pskov airport, which was closed to its select few civilian flights on Wednesday, also serves as an important military hub.
They are valuable war assets to Russia, and that makes them targets for Ukraine.
It was the second drone attack in as many months in Pskov – there was another strike in the region in May.
There were more attacks further south, with the Russian military saying it shot down Ukrainian drones in the Bryansk, Kaluga, Oryol and Ryazan regions, plus one near the Crimean city of Sevastopol.
Bryansk’s regional governor, Aleksandr Bogomaz, said one was intercepted en route to destroying a TV tower, while another hit a microelectronics factory, where components for Russia’s weapons systems were made.
A fuel depot in Kaulga was also hit – yet another logistical target involved in keeping Russia’s war machine rolling.
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